1、建用户、下载、解压

groupadd mysqluseradd -r -g mysql mysqlwget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gztar xvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

2、输出环境变量、帮助

/etc/profileexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/binsource /etc/profilevim /etc/man.configMANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

3、创建数据目录、授权、初始化mysql mysql5.7.7及以上做了很多改变，5.7.7以前安装方法和以前差不多，初始化也保留了mysql_install_db，5.7.7以后则去掉了该脚本，使用了-initialize 或者 --initialize-insecure 参数作为初始化。

mysql5.7.14版本初始化时候已经抛弃了defaults-file参数文件，所以在初始化时候指定配置文件会出错，同时必须保证datadir为空。

mkdir /data/mysqlchown mysql.mysql /data/mysql[root@leo mysql]# mysqld --verbose --help |more 查看更多初始化参数[root@leo mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql2016-12-21T09:37:13.532770Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2016-12-21T09:37:16.364569Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902016-12-21T09:37:16.881727Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2016-12-21T09:37:17.115686Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 0fbca93f-c761-11e6-9409-000c299a8601.2016-12-21T09:37:17.220886Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2016-12-21T09:37:17.284087Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

初始化成功了。这里说明下，初始化参数我使用了--initialize-insecure，这样不会设置初始化root密码，如果是 --initialize的话，会随机生成一个密码：

4、设置加密连接

[root@leo mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key..........................................................+++.......+++writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'-----Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key...........+++...........................................+++writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'-----Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key............................................+++.............................................................+++writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'-----

5、复制配置文件和启动脚本

[root@leo mysql]#  cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf[root@leo mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

6、配置如下

[root@leo mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf # For advice on how to change settings please see# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.[mysqld]# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging# changes to the binary log between backups.# log_bin# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.basedir=/usr/local/mysqldatadir=/data/mysqlport=3306server_id=1socket=/data/mysql/mysql.socksymbolic-links=0character_set_server=utf8# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.# join_buffer_size = 128M# sort_buffer_size = 2M# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES [client]socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

7、启动、并查看日志

[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld startStarting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/leo.err'..                                                          [确定][root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restartShutting down MySQL..                                      [确定]Starting MySQL..                                           [确定][root@leo ~]# tail -f /data/mysql/leo.err 2016-12-21T09:42:48.493804Z 0 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';2016-12-21T09:42:48.493834Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.2016-12-21T09:42:48.493990Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /data/mysql/ib_buffer_pool2016-12-21T09:42:48.496446Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 161221 17:42:482016-12-21T09:42:48.512719Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events2016-12-21T09:42:48.512907Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option '--disable-partition-engine-check' to skip this check. 2016-12-21T09:42:48.512922Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables2016-12-21T09:42:48.529189Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables2016-12-21T09:42:48.529703Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.Version: '5.7.17'  socket: '/data/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)

8、登录测试

[root@leo mysql]# mysqlWelcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 5Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> [root@leo mysql]# ps -ef |grep mysqlroot      49305      1  0 17:54 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/leo.pidmysql     49501  49305  0 17:54 pts/0    00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/leo.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/leo.pid --socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock --port=3306root      49598  46306  0 18:14 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mysql

多实例配置部分

1、复制多实例启动脚本

[root@leo ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

2、初始化数据库目录并修改多实例配置文件

mkdir /data/mysql2mkdir /data/mysql3chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql2chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql3[root@leo ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql22016-12-21T16:36:00.886650Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2016-12-21T16:36:06.481686Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902016-12-21T16:36:07.145444Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2016-12-21T16:36:07.443823Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 92945fc8-c79b-11e6-88a5-000c299a8601.2016-12-21T16:36:07.453113Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2016-12-21T16:36:07.456819Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.[root@leo ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql32016-12-21T16:36:16.094948Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2016-12-21T16:36:21.224144Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902016-12-21T16:36:21.900500Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2016-12-21T16:36:22.095535Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 9b500f71-c79b-11e6-8af0-000c299a8601.2016-12-21T16:36:22.105950Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2016-12-21T16:36:22.112685Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.[root@leo ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf# For advice on how to change settings please see# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.[mysqld_multi]mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safemysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladminlog=/data/mysql_multi.loguser = rootpassword = redhat# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging# changes to the binary log between backups.# log_bin# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.[mysqld1]basedir=/usr/local/mysqldatadir=/data/mysqlport=3306server_id=1socket=/data/mysql/mysql.socksymbolic-links=0character_set_server=utf8pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid[mysqld2]datadir=/data/mysql2port=3307socket=/data/mysql2/mysql.socksymbolic-links=0character_set_server=utf8pid-file=/data/mysql2/mysql2.pid[mysqld3]datadir=/data/mysql3port=3308socket=/data/mysql3/mysql.socksymbolic-links=0character_set_server=utf8pid-file=/data/mysql3/mysql3.pid# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.# join_buffer_size = 128M# sort_buffer_size = 2M# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES #[client]#socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

3、启动多实例测试并查看日志

[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi reportReporting MySQL serversMySQL server from group: mysqld1 is runningMySQL server from group: mysqld2 is runningMySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running[root@leo ~]# netstat -antlp |grep :330*      tcp        0      0 :::3307                     :::*                        LISTEN      55762/mysqld        tcp        0      0 :::3308                     :::*                        LISTEN      55765/mysqld        tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      55764/mysqld

4、连接测试

[root@leo ~]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P3308 -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 6Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> grant shutdown on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'redhat';  #授权Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.08 sec)mysql>flush provileges;update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('redhat') where user='root' and Host = 'localhost';#设置mysql登录密码[root@leo ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /data/mysql3/mysql.sock shutdown #关闭实例Enter password:

5、附带脚本多实例管理脚本

stop关闭MySQL实例，注意此处是需要一个具有shutdown权限的用户，且密码并被是加密的，也不可以交互式输入密码，Linux又具有history功能，所以为了数据库的安全，还是不要用mysqld_multi stop的方式关闭数据库了吧

[root@leo ~]# cat /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi#!/bin/sh## A simple startup script for mysqld_multi by Tim Smith and Jani Tolonen.# This script assumes that my.cnf file exists either in /etc/my.cnf or# /root/.my.cnf and has groups [mysqld_multi] and [mysqldN]. See the# mysqld_multi documentation for detailed instructions.## This script can be used as /etc/init.d/mysql.server## Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux# chkconfig: 2345 64 36# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.## Version 1.0#basedir=/usr/local/mysqlbindir=/usr/local/mysql/binconf=/etc/my.cnfif test -x $bindir/mysqld_multithen  mysqld_multi="$bindir/mysqld_multi";else  echo "Can't execute $bindir/mysqld_multi from dir $basedir";  exit;ficase "$1" in    'start' )        "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf start $2        ;;    'stop' )        "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf stop $2 --user=root --password=redhat        ;;    'report' )        "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf report $2        ;;    'restart' )        "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf stop $2 --user=root --password=redhat        "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf start $2        ;;    *)        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|report|restart}" >&2        ;;esac

6、多实例测试启停

[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi stop[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi reportReporting MySQL serversMySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not runningMySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not runningMySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi reportReporting MySQL serversMySQL server from group: mysqld1 is runningMySQL server from group: mysqld2 is runningMySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running[root@leo ~]# netstat -antlp |grep :330*  #查看监听端口tcp        0      0 :::3307                     :::*                        LISTEN      74667/mysqld        tcp        0      0 :::3308                     :::*                        LISTEN      74666/mysqld        tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      74665/mysqld        [root@leo ~]# mysql -uroot -predhat -P3307 -h127.0.0.1  #登录3307 测试mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 4Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                || t1                 |+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.13 sec)mysql> [root@leo ~]# tail -f /data/mysql3/leo.err   #查看日志2016-12-21T21:47:56.114139Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 33082016-12-21T21:47:56.145404Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.2016-12-21T21:47:56.169487Z 0 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';2016-12-21T21:47:56.171033Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.2016-12-21T21:47:57.157171Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events2016-12-21T21:47:57.157710Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option '--disable-partition-engine-check' to skip this check. 2016-12-21T21:47:57.157729Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables2016-12-21T21:47:58.138317Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables2016-12-21T21:47:58.138474Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.Version: '5.7.17'  socket: '/data/mysql3/mysql.sock'  port: 3308  MySQL Community Server (GPL)

mysqld_multi启动会查找my.cnf文件中的[mysqldN]组，N为mysqld_multi后携带的整数值。 mysqld_multi的固定选项可在配置文件my.cnf中进行配置，在[mysqld_multi]组下配置（如果没有该组，可自行建立）。 mysqld_multi使用方式如下： mysqld_multi [options] {start|stop|reload|report} [GNR[,GNR] ...]